Today's Brief 5/05/25

Jansatta Analysis: https://youtu.be/nWThNKXZWEs?si=q8kR-0nBgTEjoQ12

1 .Angola(General Studies-I (250 marks) Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society) located on the southwestern coast of Africa, is a nation of striking contrasts - blessed with abundant natural resources yet recovering from decades of conflict.

Bordered by Namibia, Zambia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Atlantic Ocean, this Portuguese-speaking country is Africa's seventh-largest nation with a population exceeding 34 million.

Its capital, Luanda, ranks among the world's most expensive cities despite widespread poverty, reflecting Angola's complex economic situation.

The country's geography ranges from the tropical Cabinda exclave in the north to the arid Namib Desert in the south, with the mighty Congo and Cuanza rivers shaping its landscape.

Angola's Atlantic coastline stretches over 1,600 km, featuring beautiful beaches and important ports that drive its oil-dependent economy.

As Africa's second-largest oil producer and third-largest diamond exporter, Angola's mineral wealth is staggering, though much of its population still lives in poverty following a devastating 27-year civil war that ended in 2002.

2 .Stratospheric Airship Platform:

(General Studies-III (250 marks)Technology, Economic Development, Biodiversity, Environment, Security, and Disaster Management)

represents a cutting-edge technology in unmanned aerial systems, designed for sustained operation in the stratosphere at altitudes of 17 to 22 kilometers. Functioning as a High-Altitude Pseudo-Satellite (HAPS), these lighter-than-air vehicles leverage buoyant gases like helium and often solar power to maintain long-duration flights over specific geographical areas.

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully carried out maiden flight-trials of its Stratospheric Airship Platform from Sheopur Trial site at Madhya Pradesh

3 .Singapore Elecctions: Lawrence Wong and the People's Action Party (PAP)

(GS Paper II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations)

secured a decisive victory in Singapore's recent general election, solidifying his position as the nation's new Prime Minister.

 The PAP's significant majority, winning 87 out of 97 parliamentary seats, coupled with an increased popular vote share of 65.6%, indicates a strong mandate for Wong's leadership.

 This election, his first as Prime Minister, occurred amidst global economic uncertainties, yet the PAP's long-standing governance since 1965 appears to have resonated with the electorate.

4 .Mt. Makalu: is the fifth-highest mountain in the world, standing at an elevation of 8,485 meters (27,838 feet) above sea level.

Located in the Mahalangur Himalayas on the border between Nepal and Tibet, it sits approximately 19 kilometers (12 miles) southeast of Mount Everest.

The final ascent to its summit often involves technical rock and ice climbing. The mountain's name has Sanskrit origins, derived from "Maha-Kala," a name associated with the Hindu deity Shiva.

Makalu lies within the Makalu-Barun National Park, a region celebrated for its biodiversity and diverse ecosystems, ranging from tropical forests to alpine tundra.

The first successful ascent of Mt. Makalu was achieved on May 15, 1955, by Lionel Terray and Jean Couzy, members of a French expedition.

5 .Denmark:

(General Studies-I (250 marks) Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society) is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, consisting of the Jutland Peninsula and over 400 islands (about 70 inhabited). It's the southernmost Scandinavian nation, bordered by Germany to the south and connected to Sweden via the Oresund Bridge.

The country features a temperate coastal climate, flat landscapes shaped by glaciers, and over 7,000 km of coastline.

Notable natural areas include the Wadden Sea National Park (UNESCO site) and the white cliffs of Mon.

6 .Khelo India Youth Games:

(GS Paper II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations)

The Khelo India Youth Games (KIYG) are annual national-level multidisciplinary grassroots games in India, designed to promote sports at the grassroots level and identify young talents.

These games are held for two categories:

under-17 school students and under-21 college students.

The Khelo India Youth Games 2025, which is the seventh edition of this event, are currently underway from May 4th to May 15th, 2025.

Bihar is the primary host, with events taking place across five cities: Patna, Rajgir, Gaya, Bhagalpur, and Begusarai. Additionally, New Delhi is hosting the shooting, gymnastics, and track cycling events.

This year's KIYG features a total of 28 sports, including Olympic disciplines, non-Olympic sports, and indigenous sports like mallakhamb, yogasana, and kho kho.

The Games will conclude on May 15th. Live streaming of the Khelo India Youth Games 2025 is available on Olympics.com, and live telecast is provided by the DD Sports TV channel in India.

In the previous edition, Khelo India Youth Games 2024, held in Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra emerged as the champion with 57 gold, 48 silver, and 53 bronze medals.

7 .The International Labour Organization (ILO),

(GS Paper II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations)

founded in 1919 as part of the Treaty of Versailles and later becoming a United Nations agency in 1946, is a global body dedicated to advancing social justice and decent working conditions worldwide.

Born from the aftermath of World War I with the conviction that lasting peace requires fair labor practices, the ILO brings together governments, employers, and workers from its 187 member states to set labor standards, develop policies, and promote rights at work.

Through international conventions and recommendations, the ILO establishes minimum standards on issues like fair wages, workplace safety, child labor elimination, and non-discrimination, while also providing research, policy advice, and technical assistance to help nations implement these standards.

Notable achievements include significant progress in combating child labor through Convention No. 182, advancing gender equality in workplaces, and guiding global responses to labor crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.

However, the organization continues to face modern challenges such as informal employment, the gig economy's precarious work conditions, automation's impact on jobs, and protecting migrant workers' rights.

As the world of work evolves, the ILO remains committed to its founding principle that "labour is not a commodity," striving to ensure economic development translates into dignified employment opportunities for all in an increasingly complex global economy.

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