Today's Brief 27/08/2024
- Smriti IASxp
- Aug 27, 2024
- 3 min read
Updated: Aug 28, 2024
Youtube English: https://youtu.be/VXQRRoza6aw?si=jtLKWrYX61x7ucVK
Youtube Hindi: https://youtu.be/9gmUFFu7h24?si=PnHbVQCJwk69AWi9
Ladakh: The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has announced the creation of five new districts in the Union Territory of Ladakh. The new districts are Zanskar, Drass, Sham, Nubra, and Changthang.
The new districts have been allocated between the Leh and Kargil divisions, with three districts (Nubra, Changthang, and Sham) falling under Leh and two (Zanskar and Drass) under Kargil.
Ladakh is a very large union territory in terms of area.
2.Vaccine derived polio: A vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain related to the weakened live poliovirus contained in oral polio vaccine (OPV). If allowed to circulate in under- or unimmunized populations for long enough, or replicate in an immunodeficient individual, the weakened virus can revert to a form that causes illness and paralysis.
OPV is a safe and effective vaccine that contains a combination of one, two, or three strains of live, weakened poliovirus, and is given in the form of oral drops. OPV has been instrumental in eradicating wild polioviruses around the world, including in the United States, because it stops the spread of the virus by inducing immunity in the gut.
VDPVs emerge when not enough people are vaccinated against polio, and the weakened strain of the poliovirus from OPV spreads among under-immunized populations.
Where do vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) come from, and should I be concerned if there is a case in the United States?
VDPVs can cause outbreaks in places where vaccine coverage is low. In addition, people with certain immunodeficiency disorders can shed the virus for long periods of time, during which the virus can continue to change and can infect an unvaccinated person.
Because OPV has not been used in the United States since 2000 and vaccine coverage with IPV is high, it is unlikely that any VDPV would become widespread in the United States.
Polio vaccination protects people against naturally occurring polioviruses and VDPVs. Continuing to achieve high IPV vaccination coverage in the United States is the best way to keep the country polio-free and prevent importations of the virus.
In addition, access to clean water, good hand hygiene habits, modern sewage systems and wastewater management further prevent germs, including viruses like poliovirus, from spreading. Polio eradication remains a CDC global health priority to protect children today and all future generations from this preventable disease.
3.lung cancer vaccine: Doctors have begun trialling the world’s first mRNA lung cancer vaccine in patients, as experts hailed its “groundbreaking” potential to save thousands of lives.
Lung cancer is the world’s leading cause of cancer death, accounting for about 1.8m deaths every year. Survival rates in those with advanced forms of the disease, where tumours have spread, are particularly poor.
Now experts are testing a new jab that instructs the body to hunt down and kill cancer cells – then prevents them ever coming back. Known as BNT116 and made by BioNTech, the vaccine is designed to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common form of the disease.
The phase 1 clinical trial, the first human study of BNT116, has launched across 34 research sites in seven countries: the UK, US, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Spain and Turkey
4.India-Singapore Ministerial Roundtable deliberates six identified pillars
: The second India-Singapore Ministerial Roundtable (ISMR) was held in Singapore today. During the meeting, the leaders of India and Singapore emphasised ways of further enhancing cooperation between India and Singapore in emerging and futuristic areas.
Both sides deliberated upon six pillars identified under ISMR, which include digitalisation, skill development, sustainability, healthcare and medicine, and advanced manufacturing and connectivity.
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