Today's Brief 25/10/2025

1 .UN Charter: 80 years ago, on 24 October 1945, the UN officially came into existence.

The date October 24, 1945, is a monumental one in world history, marking the official inception of the United Nations and, today, its 80th anniversary (known globally as United Nations Day).

This pivotal moment occurred when the UN Charter, the foundational treaty of the organization, officially came into force, having been ratified by the five permanent members of the Security Council (the Republic of China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and a majority of the other signatory nations.

Born from the devastation of World War II, the UN was established with the ambitious mission to "save succeeding generations from the scourge of war" by promoting international peace and security,

fostering friendly relations among nations, and encouraging global cooperation on economic, social, and human rights issues.

2 .Cloud seeding 

General Studies Paper-II (250 Marks) – Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations

is a specialized form of weather modification designed to enhance a cloud's natural ability to produce precipitation by introducing microscopic particles into it.

This process typically involves releasing substances like silver iodide or dry ice from aircraft or ground-based generators; these particles serve as artificial nuclei around which supercooled water droplets can freeze or condense, growing into ice crystals or large droplets that are then heavy enough to fall as rain or snow.

While cloud seeding is employed globally to augment water supplies in drought-stricken areas or increase mountain snowpack for runoff,

its precise effectiveness remains a subject of considerable scientific debate due to the challenge of definitively separating artificial precipitation from natural rainfall.

Furthermore, its application is constrained by the requirement for pre-existing, moisture-laden clouds, and it raises ongoing ethical and environmental concerns regarding the potential redistribution of precipitation and the ecological impact of the seeding agents.

3 . Indian Coast Guard Launches Two Advanced Fast Patrol Vessels at Goa Shipyard: he ICGS Ajit and the ICGS Aparajit, at the Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL). 

These vessels are the seventh and eighth, completing the final two ships in a series of eight indigenously constructed FPVs. 

Measuring 52 meters in length and displacing 320 tonnes, these modern, high-speed platforms are equipped with superior manoeuvrability, featuring Controllable Pitch Propellers (CPP) a first for this class of vessel in India.

4 .The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) is one of India's five Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs), primarily tasked with guarding the 3,488 km long India-China border from the Karakoram Pass in Ladakh to Jachep La in Arunachal Pradesh. Raised on October 24, 1962,

in the aftermath of the Sino-Indian War, the ITBP is a specialized mountain warfare force whose personnel are often referred to as "Himaveer" or Snow Warriors.

They operate in some of the world's most difficult and high-altitude terrains, with Border Outposts (BOPs) situated at altitudes ranging up to 18,750 feet, where temperatures can plummet to minus 40°C.

Beyond border security which includes preventing border violations, illegal immigration, and smuggling the ITBP plays a vital dual role in disaster management and internal security.

Due to their expertise in mountaineering, skiing, and high-altitude survival, they are often the first responders for natural calamities like floods, earthquakes, and avalanches in the Himalayan region.

The force's ethos is encapsulated in its motto: "Shaurya – Dridhata – Karm Nishtha" (Valour – Determination – Devotion to Duty).

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