Today's Brief 21/02/2025

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1 .SOUL Leadership Conclave:(GS Paper II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations)

an event organized by the School of Ultimate Leadership (SOUL) in India. It serves as a platform for leaders from various fields to share their experiences and insights on leadership.

The conclave aims to inspire and educate young aspiring leaders by providing them with real-life examples and actionable lessons from successful individuals.

The inaugural edition of the SOUL Leadership Conclave is set to take place in New Delhi in February 2025. It will feature prominent speakers from diverse sectors, including politics, business, sports, media, and spirituality. These speakers will share their personal leadership journeys, discussing the challenges they faced and the strategies they employed to overcome them.

The conclave is designed to be an interactive and engaging event, with opportunities for attendees to network with speakers and other participants.

It aims to foster a collaborative environment where young leaders can learn from each other and develop their own leadership skills.

2 .Bhutan PM Tshering Tobgay Arrives in India (GS Paper II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations)

3.G20 Summit Foreign ministers:(GS Paper II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations) hosted by Minister of International Relations and Cooperation Minister Ronald Lamola takes place under South Africa’s G20 Presidency theme of Solidarity, Equality and Sustainability on 20 and 21 February 2025 at the Nasrec Expo Centre.

The G20 Foreign Ministers Meeting will over two days of plenary sessions discuss issues including current global geopolitical dynamics and reflection on South Africa’s G20 Presidency High-Level Deliverables and the Review of the G20@20,

which examines the impact of the G20 during the two decades of its existence.

G20 Summits of heads of state and government bring together leaders from the world’s largest economies to address pressing global challenges and foster economic cooperation.

Since its inception in 2008, the G20 has evolved from a crisis-management platform to a broader forum tackling issues like financial stability, climate change, sustainable development, and global health.

During its presidency, South Africa is prioritising Africa’s development and the goals outlined in the African Union Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want.

South Africa’s three priorities for the G20 Presidency focus on

1. Inclusive Economic Growth, Industrialisation, Employment and Reduce Inequality.

2: Food Security

3: Artificial Intelligence, Data Governance and Innovation for Sustainable Development.

President Ramaphosa will address the opening session .

4 .False killer whales:(General Studies-III (250 marks)Technology, Economic Development, Biodiversity, Environment, Security, and Disaster Management) (Pseudorca crassidens) are a species of oceanic dolphin that belong to the family Delphinidae. Despite their name, they are not closely related to killer whales (orcas), but they share some physical similarities, which is how they got their name.

They are large, slender dolphins with a dark gray to black body. They have a rounded head with a slight beak, and their dorsal fin is sickle-shaped. Adult false killer whales typically range from 16 to 20 feet (5 to 6 meters) in length and can weigh between 1,000 to 2,500 pounds (450 to 1,100 kilograms).

They are highly social animals, often found in groups called pods, which can range from a few individuals to several dozen. known for their playful behavior and strong social bonds .they are carnivorous and primarily feed on fish and hunt larger prey, such as other marine mammals, though this is less common.

They are found in tropical and temperate waters worldwide, usually in deep offshore waters but can occasionally be seen closer to shore.

they use echolocation to navigate and hunt.

Conservation Status: False killer whales are currently listed as "Near Threatened" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). They face threats from bycatch in fishing gear, habitat degradation, and pollution.

5 .Echolocation (General Studies-III (250 marks)Technology, Economic Development, Biodiversity, Environment, Security, and Disaster Management) is a fascinating biological sonar system used by certain animals, most notably bats and toothed whales. These animals emit sounds, such as clicks or pulses, that travel outward into their environment. When these sounds encounter an object, they bounce back as echoes.

The animal then analyzes these returning echoes to gain a wealth of information. The time it takes for the echo to return reveals the distance to the object, while changes in the frequency of the echo provide clues about the object's size and shape.

The intensity of the echo can even indicate the texture or density of the object.

This sophisticated process allows bats to navigate and hunt in complete darkness, and enables dolphins and other toothed whales to find prey and communicate in murky waters.

While not as refined as in animals, some blind individuals have also learned to use a form of echolocation by making clicking sounds and interpreting the returning echoes to perceive their surroundings.

6 .The World Day of Social Justice is observed annually on February 20. It was established by the United Nations (UN) to promote efforts to tackle issues such as poverty, exclusion, gender inequality, unemployment, human rights, and social protections.

The day emphasizes the importance of creating a more equitable and just world for all.

History:

• The UN General Assembly proclaimed February 20 as the World Day of Social Justice in 2007.

• The day aligns with the principles outlined in the International Labour Organization (ILO) Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization (2008).

Social justice is essential for achieving sustainable development and peace. Inequalities and injustices often lead to social unrest, conflict, and poverty. By addressing these issues, societies can foster inclusivity, reduce disparities, and ensure that everyone has the opportunity to thrive.

This year, in 2025, the theme for World Day of Social Justice is "Strengthening a Just Transition for a Sustainable Future".