Today's Brief 17/12/2024

IE Analysis: https://youtu.be/qyICwOjLtsA?si=hPw-XeKqJgEF5zd8

JN Analysis:

1 Georgia:

General Studies I: Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society

a captivating country nestled at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, he region of present-day Georgia once contained the ancient kingdoms of Colchis (known as Egrisi locally) and Kartli-Iberia.

The area came under Roman influence in the first centuries A.D., and Christianity became the state religion in the 330s. Persian, Arab, and Turk domination was followed by a Georgian golden age (11th-13th centuries) that was cut short when the Mongols invaded in 1236. Subsequently,

the Ottoman and Persian empires competed for influence in the region. Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century.

Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1921 and regained its independence when the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991.

Location

Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and Russia, with a sliver of land north of the Caucasus extending into Europe; note - Georgia views itself as part of Europe; geopolitically, it can be classified as falling within Europe, the Middle East, or both

border countries (4): Armenia 219 km; Azerbaijan 428 km; Russia 894 km; Turkey 273 km

highest point: Mt'a Shkhara 5,193 m

lowest point: Black Sea 0 m

strategically located east of the Black Sea; Georgia controls much of the Caucasus Mountains and the routes through them

the world's four deepest caves are all in Georgia, including two that are the only known caves on earth deeper than 2,000 m: Krubera Cave at -2,197 m (-7,208 ft; reached in 2012) and Veryovkina Cave at -2,212 (-7,257 ft; reached in 2018)

2 .Search and Rescue Aid Tool (SARAT):

General Studies III: Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management 

SARAT, or Search and Rescue Aid Tool, is a valuable tool developed by the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) to aid in search and rescue operations at sea. It utilizes advanced modeling techniques to predict the probable drift of missing objects, such as boats, ships, or individuals, based on ocean currents and wind conditions.

Key Features and Benefits:

• Enhanced Search Efficiency: SARAT helps narrow down the search area, significantly increasing the chances of finding missing persons or objects.

• Real-time Predictions: The tool provides real-time updates on the predicted drift path, allowing for timely adjustments to search strategies.

• User-Friendly Interface: SARAT offers a user-friendly interface, making it accessible to a wide range of users, including coast guard personnel, fishermen, and the general public.

• Improved Safety at Sea: By providing accurate and timely information, SARAT contributes to enhancing safety at sea and reducing the risk of loss of life and property.

How SARAT Works:

1. Input Information: Users provide details such as the last known location, time of the incident, and type of missing object.

2. Model Simulation: SARAT utilizes advanced ocean models to simulate the drift of the object based on prevailing ocean currents and wind conditions.

3. Prediction and Visualization: The tool generates a predicted drift path and visualizes it on an interactive map.

4. Search Area Determination: The predicted drift path helps determine the most likely search area, guiding rescue teams to focus their efforts effectively.

Additional Information:

• SARAT is available as a web-based tool and a mobile app, providing flexibility and accessibility.

• It has been widely adopted by the Indian Coast Guard and other maritime agencies to improve their search and rescue operations.

• INCOIS continues to enhance SARAT by incorporating advanced modeling techniques and incorporating real-time data to improve its accuracy and effectiveness.

The Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India. It is located in Pragathi Nagar, Hyderabad, India.

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