Today's Brief 1-3/09/2024

Youtube English:https://youtu.be/DXw9ib7GmtQ?si=pQDPeNWk_Ka3HA1t

Youtube Hindi: https://youtu.be/BXaddvbTV7g?si=f43FLes-cSujyhg6

1. BioE3 policy: The policy is aimed at ‘Fostering High Performance Biomanufacturing’ aligned with National initiatives of the government of India such as ‘Net Zero’ carbon economy and Mission LiFE( Lifestyle for environment).

The bioeconomy refers to an economic system that is based on the sustainable production and use of biological resources, processes, and principles.

It encompasses a wide range of industries and sectors, including agriculture, forestry, fisheries, food, bioenergy, and biotechnology, all of which rely on renewable biological resources to produce food, materials, chemicals, and energy.

Key Aspects of the Bioeconomy:

1. Sustainable Use of Resources: The bioeconomy aims to use biological resources—such as plants, animals, and microorganisms—in a way that is sustainable, ensuring that they are available for future generations.

2. Innovation and Biotechnology: It heavily relies on advances in biotechnology and innovation to create new products and processes that can replace fossil-based resources, reduce waste, and lower environmental impact.

3. Circular Economy: The bioeconomy is closely linked to the concept of a circular economy, where the focus is on minimizing waste and making the most of resources. By using biological resources, waste products can often be reused, recycled, or converted into new products.

4. Climate Change Mitigation: By reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promoting sustainable agricultural practices, the bioeconomy plays a critical role in efforts to combat climate change.

5. Economic Growth and Job Creation: The bioeconomy can drive economic growth and create jobs, particularly in rural areas where many of the biological resources are produced.

6. Policy and Regulation: Governments around the world are increasingly developing bioeconomy strategies and policies to promote the sustainable use of biological resources and to support innovation in this field.

Examples of Bioeconomy Applications:

• Bioenergy: Producing energy from biomass, such as biofuels made from crops or waste materials.

• Bioplastics: Developing plastics from biological sources rather than petroleum.

• Biopharmaceuticals: Using biotechnology to develop new medicines from biological sources.

• Sustainable Agriculture: Improving crop yields and resilience through biotechnological advances.

2.Nitesh Kumar secures second gold for India: India’s badminton star, Nitesh Kumar, added another gold to the nation’s medal tally at the Paris Paralympics by defeating Great Britain’s Daniel Bethell in the men’s singles SL3 category.

The gripping final took place on Monday, where Nitesh, who discovered his passion for badminton at IIT-Mandi, showcased his talent and determination to overcome the second-seeded Bethell.

Nitesh’s victory followed shooter Avani Lekhra’s triumph, making it India’s second gold at these Paralympic Games. Avani had previously captured gold in the women’s 10m air rifle event.

3. Culling: Now, the Namibian government has controversially decided to help the country's rural population by allowing more than 700 wild animals to be hunted — animals that should be under special protection in the country's national parks.

The animals include elephants, antelopes, buffaloes, zebras and wildebeests, most of which will now be shot by professional hunters. Namibia's Ministry of the Environment says around half of Namibia's population, some 1.4 million people, are acutely threatened by food and water shortages.

Culling is the process of selectively removing or eliminating certain individuals from a group, typically in the context of animals or plants. The goal of culling can vary, but it is generally done to improve the overall health, productivity, or quality of a population or to prevent the spread of disease.

Common Contexts of Culling:

1. Animal Husbandry: In livestock management, culling refers to the removal of animals that are not performing well in terms of productivity (e.g., low milk production in dairy cattle), health, or genetics. These animals might be sold, slaughtered, or otherwise removed from the breeding population.

2. Wildlife Management: Culling in wildlife management may involve the selective reduction of certain animal populations to prevent overpopulation, control disease, or reduce human-wildlife conflicts. For example, deer might be culled to prevent them from damaging crops or spreading diseases like chronic wasting disease.

3. Disease Control: Culling is often used as a disease control measure, particularly in agriculture. In the event of an outbreak of a contagious disease (such as avian influenza in poultry), infected and potentially exposed animals may be culled to prevent the spread of the disease to other animals.

4. Plant Culling: In agriculture and horticulture, culling may involve removing plants that are diseased, weak, or not meeting desired standards, to ensure that the remaining plants have better access to resources and can grow more effectively.

5. Environmental Management: Culling can also be part of efforts to manage invasive species. By culling non-native species that threaten local ecosystems, conservationists aim to protect native species and restore ecological balance.

Ethical Considerations:

Culling can be a controversial practice, especially in the context of wildlife management and disease control. Ethical concerns often arise around animal welfare, the methods used for culling, and the potential long-term ecological impact. In some cases, alternatives to culling, such as sterilization or relocation, are considered to address these concerns.

4.  23rd Law Commission:The Centre has notified the constitution of the 23rd Law Commission. The term of the Commission will be for period of three years till 31st August 2027. The Commission will have a full-time chairperson and four full-time members including a member-secretary.

The secretary of the Department of Legal Affairs and the secretary of the Legislative Department are ex-officio members of the panel. There can be five part-time members in the Commission. Serving Supreme Court and High Court Judges will be chairperson and members of the Law Commission.

The notification said, they will perform their functions on a whole-time basis up to the date of retirement from the Supreme Court or High Court or expiry of the term of the Commission, whichever be earlier.

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