Today's Brief 1/01/2025

IE Analysis:https://youtu.be/B1HG6Ii0LiE?si=laybPZjmzFZkJvks

JN Analysis:https://youtu.be/t8THsAlGWAY?si=UyHqI_mLZEaVSmNh

1 .Indian Navy is set to commission three indigenously built warships Nilgiri, Surat and Vaghsheer

General Studies-III (250 marks)Technology, Economic Development, Biodiversity, Environment, Security, and Disaster Management

Commissioning of these three Combatant platforms will provide a significant boost to the Indian Navy’s combat readiness, demonstrating the country’s unparalleled progress in defense self-reliance and indigenous shipbuilding.

The warship Nilgiri is equipped with stealth features and state-of-the-art technologies. The Surat features substantial improvements in design and capabilities. Equipped with modern aviation facilities, Nilgiri and Surat can operate a range of helicopters,during both day and night operations.

2 .POEM-4:

General Studies-III (250 marks)Technology, Economic Development, Biodiversity, Environment, Security, and Disaster Management

PS4-Orbital Experiment Module, designated as POEM, refers to the usage of the spent fourth stage of the Polar Synchronous Launch Vehicle (PSLV). It provides an opportunity for the scientific community to carry out certain in-orbit microgravity experiments for an extended duration of up to three months using the POEM platform, which otherwise would end up as space debris immediately after the mission objective of injecting the primary payloads of the mission.

Such experimental payloads serve as precursor experiments to validate various proof-of-concept and enabling technologies for future missions.

3 .India’s total renewable energy capacity crosses 200 GW mark: Glimpses of 2024

General Studies-III (250 marks)Technology, Economic Development, Biodiversity, Environment, Security, and Disaster Management

in the special Year-Ender series. Take a look at the key initiatives and achievements of the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.

The government continued its remarkable journey toward transforming India’s energy landscape in 2024.

This progress is in line with India’s commitment to achieving its 500 Giga Watt of non-fossil fuel energy in line with the Panchamrit goals

Akashvani correspondent reports, India crossed the 200 Giga Watt milestone of total installed Renewable Energy capacity in September 2024, marking a 14 per cent increase compared to the previous year.

In February 2024, the government launched the PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana to install rooftop solar panels in one crore households. India’s cumulative installed solar energy capacity has reached over 94 GigaWatt.

The National Green Hydrogen Mission with an outlay of 600 crore rupees was also launched to reduce fossil fuel imports by one lakh crore and cut carbon emissions by five Million Metric Tonnes by 2030.

This mission aims to position India as a global hub for green hydrogen production and export, creating over 6 lakh jobs and attracting investments worth 8 lakh crore rupees by 2030.

Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition (SIGHT): In the initial stage, two distinct financial incentive mechanisms proposed with an outlay of ₹ 17,490 crore up to 2029-30:

• Incentive for manufacturing of electrolysers

• Incentive for production of green hydrogen.

Depending upon the markets and technology development, specific incentive schemes and programmes will continue to evolve as the Mission progresses.

To ensure quality and performance of equipment, the eligibility criteria for participation in competitive bidding for procurement of Green Hydrogen and its derivatives will specify that the project must utilize equipment approved by Government of India as per specified quality and performance criteria.

Green Hydrogen Hubs

The Mission will identify and develop regions capable of supporting large scale production and/or utilization of Hydrogen as Green Hydrogen Hubs.

Development of necessary infrastructure for such hubs will be supported under the Mission.

It is planned to set up at least two such Green Hydrogen hubs in the initial phase.

Outlay of ₹ 400 crore up to 2025-26 for Hubs and other projects.

4 .Red Sea:

General Studies-II (250 marks)Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice, and International Relations.

a narrow body of water separating Africa from the Arabian Peninsula, is renowned for its unique characteristics. As one of the world's warmest and saltiest seas, it boasts a vibrant ecosystem teeming with diverse marine life, including stunning coral reefs and a myriad of colorful fish species. Formed by the ongoing separation of tectonic plates,

the Red Sea continues to evolve geologically, contributing to its unique features. Historically, it has served as a crucial trade route for centuries, connecting ancient civilizations and playing a significant role in regional commerce and cultural exchange.

The Red Sea has been a site of various disputes throughout history, often stemming from its strategic location and valuable resources. Some of the key disputes include:

• Yemen Civil War: The ongoing conflict in Yemen has significantly impacted the Red Sea. Houthi rebels, backed by Iran, have launched attacks on shipping in the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, a crucial chokepoint for global trade, disrupting maritime traffic and raising tensions in the region.

• Territorial Disputes: Several countries bordering the Red Sea have territorial disputes, including island claims and maritime boundaries. These disputes can lead to increased tensions and the potential for conflict.

• Competition for Resources: The Red Sea is rich in resources, including fish stocks, oil and gas reserves, and potential for renewable energy. Competition for these resources among coastal states can lead to disputes and conflicts.

• Geopolitical Rivalry: The Red Sea region is a major geopolitical arena, with various regional and international powers vying for influence. This competition can exacerbate existing tensions and create new sources of conflict.

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